These are antique French folding maps published by Librairie Hachette under the authority of the Ministère de l'Intérieur (Ministry of the Interior). The text reads "Carte à 1/100.000", meaning they are 1:100,000-scale topographical travel maps. The three covers shown are for regions in southeastern France: Marseille, Nice, and La Ciotat. These specific red cloth-bound editions were typically produced around the late 19th to early 20th century (approximately 1890–1910) for the French Service Vicinal (local road system) to help travelers navigate local routes. Each little red hardcover opens up to a highly detailed linen-backed or paper-folded map of the specified area.
